Frequency

Cycles repeat over time. The fact that they do is the basis for one of the most important terms in radio
Frequency. Frequency is defined as the number of cycles that occur each second, when they talk about frequency, radio engineers use a shorthand term for “cycles per second,” which they call “Hertz.” (The word Hertz is usually shortened to “Hz” when written.) Both terms mean the same thing.

So, if you were told the frequency of the wave was 10 Hertz, you would know that meant 10 cycles per second. Thousands of radio wave cycles usually repeat themselves each second, so engineers have adopted the practice of writing kilohertz (shortened to KHz), which means 1,000 cycles per second, megahertz (MHz), which means 1 million cycles per second, or gigahertz (GHz), which means 1 billion cycles per second.

When they refer to radio frequency. Thus, 10 million cycles per second can also be written as 10 MHz Frequency and wavelength are inversely related. In other words, the higher the frequency, the shorter the wavelength, and conversely, the lower the frequency, the longer the wavelength. These relationships are illustrated in figure 6-4. At 300 MHz (300 million cycles per second), the distance between the peaks of the wave is 1 meter. When the frequency is tripled to 900 MHz (900 million cycles per second), the wavelength is reduced to 1/3 meter (1/3 of the previous distance between the peaks).

At extremely high frequencies (above 30 GHz), the distance between the peaks of the wave becomes so small (1 centimeter or less) that a raindrop would not fit between them. In fact, at these extremely high frequencies, it is possible for rainy weather to disrupt the wave and distort or completely block the resulting
signal.

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